無(wú)損檢測(cè)法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系和層次的英漢對(duì)照

2010年10月，在成都組織了“相控陣高級(jí)研討班”，特邀加拿大專(zhuān)家Ed Ginzel作精彩講課。在講課中Ed先生解釋了國(guó)外無(wú)損檢測(cè)法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系和層次，我覺(jué)得既透徹又有用，現(xiàn)把有關(guān)內(nèi)容的中英文對(duì)照送大家分享。

法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的體系和層次：

1、Codes (enforceable by law)法規(guī)（法律強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行）

2、Standards (recommendations by agencies)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（推薦采用）

3、Specification (company requirements)規(guī)范（企業(yè)要求）

4、Procedure (NDT company practices)工藝（NDT公司采用）

5、Technique (specific details of an inspection application) also called work instruction方法（檢測(cè)應(yīng)用的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)），也叫工作說(shuō)明

詳細(xì)說(shuō)明：

1、Codes (enforceable by law)法規(guī)（法律強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行）E.g. ASME BPVC，API 620；例如：ASME BPVC，API 620，固定式壓力容器安全技術(shù)監(jiān)察規(guī)程，等等；

May have NDT requirements built in or make external references包含NDT要求或外部參考

Usually have an acceptance criteria通常包含驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

2、Standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)E.g. ASTM 例如ASTM，GB/T3323；

Generally describe good practices but do not usually have acceptance criteria (left to contracting parties)常規(guī)的技術(shù)描述，不包括驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（合同方確定）

3、Specifications規(guī)范 Company or project specific requirements. 公司或項(xiàng)目特定要求。

Often refer to Standards and then add special requirements as extra and also may have their own acceptance通常參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并增加額外的特定要求，或者有自己的驗(yàn)收規(guī)范

Become “contract documents”變成“合同文件”

4、Procedures工藝All regulating documents (Codes, Standards and Specifications) will require that any inspection be done in accordance with an approved written Procedure所有的規(guī)范文件（法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范）要求任意檢測(cè)按照核準(zhǔn)的工藝進(jìn)行。

Procedures describe how an NDT company or department
will carry out NDT work in accordance with the regulating documents工藝中規(guī)定了檢測(cè)公司或部門(mén)如何根據(jù)規(guī)范文件執(zhí)行無(wú)損檢測(cè)工作

It may be general for all related work or specific for a single application工藝可能涵蓋所有相關(guān)工作或指針對(duì)一個(gè)檢測(cè)應(yīng)用。

5、Technique (or Written Instruction)方法（或書(shū)面說(shuō)明）

Details of the equipment, calibration, sensitivity, scan plans and personnel are detailed with a drawing of the component to be tested包括設(shè)備細(xì)節(jié)、校準(zhǔn)、靈敏度、掃查計(jì)劃、人員和待檢工件圖紙的詳細(xì)說(shuō)明。

Sufficient detail should be in the Technique so that a Level 1 person can set up the equipment and scan the part方法中包括詳細(xì)的技術(shù)描述，以便一級(jí)資格人員可以正確的設(shè)置設(shè)備和掃查工件。

謝謝強(qiáng)工 的資料！