特種設備無損檢測技術優秀論文評選公示（10）

(分批公示特種設備無損檢測技術優秀論文的題目、作者和摘要。公示次序按電子稿接收排序） 【121】檢驗人才“一對一”漸近培養和實例 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：提出了特種設備檢驗人才“一對一”培養的若干方法，包括檢驗單位內培養檢驗員的3種方法：講授法、案例法、互動法，和檢驗現場增加的2種方法：示范法、實踐鍛煉法，并分析了各種方法的優缺點和受檢驗員歡迎程度。提出并分析了5種漸近培養方法，包括理論結合實踐、常規結合疑難、多檢驗員討論、更重要檢驗任務、模擬獨立檢驗等，并以分餾塔檢驗為例，介紹在實際檢驗過程中檢驗人才的“一對一”漸近培養，這種螺旋狀提高漸進的和否定之否定的培養方法，是馬克思主義認識論和辯證法具體應用。 關鍵詞：特種設備；檢驗；實踐；漸近；人才培養 【122】聚乙烯PE管超聲波測厚研究與檢測要點 富陽1  林凱明1  張慰峰2  雷勇利1  金正哲1  唐嘉慶1 1 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所 2 港華輝信工程塑料（中山）有限公司 摘要：應用超聲波方法對聚乙烯PE管測厚時，與對金屬測厚不同。研究了不同聚乙烯材料聲速差異、不同頻率超聲波衰減規律、不同溫度下的聲速、聚乙烯各向異性及結晶度對聲速影響。提出了試塊、探頭、溫度、各向異性、受熱狀態、零點、隔聲層方向、耦合劑、不合格判斷等測厚要點。 關鍵詞：聚乙烯；PE管；超聲波；測厚；厚度測量；定點測厚 【123】曲面工件近表面缺陷的磁粉檢測 富 陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：壓力管道全面檢驗時多進行射線或超聲波檢測，本文通過磁粉檢測發現管道曲面的近表面裂紋。為了發現在用含堿性柴油精制管道近表面缺陷，介紹磁粉檢測如何選擇便攜式直流磁粉探傷機，介紹磁軛調整和磁化方法。檢測發現管道焊縫存在大量裂紋,分析了裂紋原因為應力腐蝕。對該管道所有焊縫進行了返修和熱處理，以減少焊接殘余應力，至今使用正常。 關鍵詞：壓力管道、磁粉檢測、應力腐蝕 【123】Near surface of curved workpiece magnetic particle testing research Fu Yang The Special Equipment Inspection Institute of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Keywords：pressure pipeline，magnetic particle testing，SSC 【124】濕硫化氫環境應力腐蝕早期裂紋熒光磁粉檢測 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：濕硫化氫環境下容易發生應力腐蝕，分析了應力腐蝕特點。熒光磁粉檢測是應力腐蝕早期裂紋的有效檢測方法，介紹了檢測時的注意事項。 關鍵詞：濕硫化氫環境；應力腐蝕；裂紋；熒光磁粉檢測 【125】液化石油氣儲罐缺陷的超聲波監控 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：在用液化石油氣儲罐SSCC、HB、HIC或其它缺陷可能會擴展，需要監控擴展狀況。介紹液化石油氣儲罐SSCC超聲波監控，橫波檢測，探頭選K1單斜探頭，基準靈敏度按V形槽或Φ1×6孔調節。介紹HB、HIC或其它缺陷超聲波監控，縱波檢測，探頭選雙晶直探頭，基準靈敏度按第一次底波或Φ5平底孔調節。介紹某次超聲波監控，試驗7種不同探頭對同一缺陷檢測，選定5Z14FG10Z探頭。介紹超聲波監控記錄方法，并給出某次超聲波監控記錄表。提出表面處理、耦合劑、罐內的相等監控要點。超聲波可以監控液化石油氣儲罐缺陷擴展情況。 關鍵詞：液化石油氣；濕硫化氫；氫鼓泡；氫致開裂，硫化物應力腐蝕開裂 【125】Ultrasonic Monitoring and Its Application for Defect of LPG Vessel Fu Yang The Special Equipment Inspection Institute of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Abstract：Defects spread of LPG Vessels in service should be monitored, such as SSCC、HB、HIC and other defects. Shear wave inspection used in SSCC ultrasonic monitoring by angle probe, and longitudinal wave inspection used in HB、HIC and other defects ultrasonic monitoring by normal probe. 5Z14FG10Z probe is choosed after 6 kinds probe were screened out. Ultrasonic monitoring record, surface treatment, coupling medium choice and phase in LPG Vessels are given. Ultrasonic can monitor LPG Vessels defects spread. Keywords：LPG；Wet H2S；HB；HIC；SSCC 【126】有限空間內滲透檢測對人員的危害及防護 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：滲透檢測的危害和防護常被忽視，為了減少滲透檢測對人員的危害，介紹了在滲透檢測過程中容易被人忽略的檢測安全問題。分析了在有限空間內使用ⅡC-d進行滲透檢測的經常存在的錯誤習慣，包括忽視爆炸的危險、忽視通風、氣體檢測和勞動保護。分析了這些危害產生原因，指出滲透檢測劑被吸入、與皮膚、眼睛接觸后，對呼吸系統、眼、皮膚和中樞神經的傷害。提出有限空間內防護滲透檢測危害的方法，包括加強教育和管理、加強通風、氣體檢測和勞動保護、改進檢測方法和滲透檢測劑施加方法等，對滲透檢測安全具有實際指導價值。 關鍵詞：有限空間；危害；防護；滲透檢測；安全 【126】The hazards and protection of penetration testing in limited space Fu Yang The Special Equipment Inspection Institute of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Abstract: The hazards and protection of penetration testing in limited space are often ignored. In order to reduce the hazards, security issues of penetration testing are introduced. The reasons of harzard in the limited space penetration testing was put forwar, and wrong habits in site was pointed out. After inhaled or contracted with the penetrant testing agent by the eye or the skin, the human’s respiratory system, eyes, skin and central nervous system was hurted seriously. To minmize the harzard, the methods of  better management, ventilation, and gas detection, labor protection were put forward. Key words:  limited space;  hazard;  protection;  penetration testing;  security 【127】在用高壓氫氣管道母材超聲波檢測 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要:在用高壓氫氣管道首次全面檢驗，母材超聲波檢測屬于《在用工業管道定期檢驗規程》要求之外，我們對縱向缺陷進行了檢測。具體介紹檢測方法和參數,介紹檢測要點,分析缺陷產生原因，著重介紹探頭磨制方法和探頭磨制后的檢測方法，分析錯誤磨制方法的危害，介紹了測定探頭K值的v形槽試塊。經超聲波檢測發現管道存在超標信號，更換了存在超標信號的管子，至今運行兩年未發現異常。 關鍵詞: 氫氣; 壓力管道; 工業管道；檢驗；超聲波檢測 【127】Ultrasonic Testing of Hydrogen Pipeline in Service Fu Yang The Special Equipment Inspection Institute of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Key words：Hydrogen；Ppressure Pipeline；Ultrasonic Testing 【128】在用蒸壓釜磁粉檢測的重點部位和常見錯誤 富陽 廣東省中山市特種設備檢驗所，廣東中山 528400 摘要：蒸壓釜磁粉檢測資料缺乏。本文介紹了在用蒸壓釜磁粉檢測的重點部位，具體介紹了磁粉檢測中的常見錯誤，如檢測安全、腳手架、打磨和清洗、亮度、磁化方法、磁粉、反差增強劑、磁懸液、磁粉機、提升力、系統靈敏度、施加磁懸液、磁化、磁化與施加磁懸液的配合、磁痕觀察、偽顯示、非相關顯示、超標缺陷處理等磁粉檢測方面的常見錯誤，分析了這些錯誤產生原因，提出了它們的改正方法。 關鍵詞：蒸壓釜、磁粉檢測 【128】Focus parts and common mistakes in magnetic particle testing of the autoclave in service Fu Yang The Special Equipment Inspection Institute of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province Keywords：Autoclave；Magnetic particle testing 【129】扭轉模態導波檢測管道橫向和縱向缺陷的數值仿真和實驗研究 張小偉 王亞東 唐志峰 呂福在 （浙江大學機械工程學系，杭州，310027） 摘要：T(0,1)模態導波由于其良好的頻散特性被廣泛應用于長距離管道無損檢測中，管道橫向、縱向缺陷的定量檢測對管道無損檢測技術的發展具有重要意義。本文使用有限元軟件ABAQUS對鋁制管道不同尺寸缺陷進行建模并激勵T(0,1)模態導波，采用脈沖回波的方法定位缺陷，得到反射系數與橫向缺陷截面損失的關系以及縱向缺陷長度對缺陷回波信號結構的影響。使用MSGW磁致伸縮導波實驗平臺設計實驗，檢測具有不同橫向、縱向尺寸缺陷的鋁管，實驗結果與仿真結果在允許的范圍內基本吻合。研究表明，反射系數隨缺陷橫截面損失的增大呈接近線性的增大趨勢，缺陷回波信號由缺陷前后端面的反射信號疊加形成。 關鍵詞：扭轉波；鋁管；橫向缺陷；縱向缺陷 【129】Simulation and Experiment of torsional mode Guided Wave Scattering in aluminum pipes with circumferential and axial defects ZHANG Xiaowei  WANG Yadong  TANG Zhifeng  Lv Fuzai (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027) Abstract: The T(0,1) mode guided wave is widely used in long term NDT of the pipeline. The reflection characteristics of T(0,1) mode guided wave for an aluminum pipe with both circumferential and axial defects are discussed in this paper. Three-dimensional finite element models of cracked pipes are established in the software package ABAQUS/EXPLICIT for investigating the reflection characteristics from defects with different circumferential and axialextent. The T(0,1) mode is incident from one end of the pipe and the defect is located by using the pulse echo method. The corresponding experiments are done with MSGW to verify the simulation results. It has been found that the reflection coefficients have nearly linear relation with the section loss, and that the reflection signals is the joint result of interference between reflected signals from both front and back ends of the defect. Keywords: torsional mode wave, aluminum pipe, circumferential defect, axial defect 【130】磁致伸縮導波管道檢測的理論與實驗研究 唐志峰 【131】基于時頻分析及匹配追蹤的超聲導波管道缺陷檢測算法研究 鄭國軍 唐志峰 王友釗 呂福在 (浙江大學) 摘要：超聲導波對管道缺陷進行檢測定位過程中，接收到的導波信號往往夾雜著大量的噪聲信號使得管道的缺陷信號淹沒在噪聲之中而難以判斷。傳統的數字帶通濾波、自適應濾波、小波閾值濾波對導波信號噪聲的濾除具有一定的作用，但對小缺陷信號仍然無法很好地檢出。本文提出一種結合復Morlet小波時頻分析及基于Gabor字典的匹配追蹤算法相結合的方法，先對導波信號進行連續小波變換，再用匹配追蹤算法分解逼近信號，最后經過疊加各尺度信號重建出時域信號。通過磁致伸縮導波檢測鋼管上缺陷的實驗，對比小波閾值濾波方法，驗證了該濾波算法能夠較好地提高缺陷的檢測能力和信噪比效果。 關鍵詞：超聲導波，濾波，復Morlet小波時頻分析，Gabor字典，匹配追蹤 【131】Research on algorithm of defect detection in pipes using ultrasonic guided waves based on time-frequency analysis and matching pursuit Zheng guojun  Tang Zhifeng  Wang Youzhao  Lv Fuzai (ZheJiang University) Abstract: Defect detection and location in pipes using ultrasonic guided waves, the defect signal in pipes will be overwhelmed by noise and difficult to distinguish as the received guided wave usually mixed with lots of noise. Traditional digital band-pass filter、adaptive filter、wavelet threshold de-noising has a certain effect on filtering the guided wave signal noise. However, it is still hard to detect the small defect. In this research, we proposed a method which combining complex Morlet wavelet time-frequency analysis and matching pursuit algorithm based on Gabor dictionary. Guided wave signal will be transformed by continuous wavelet first, then matching pursuit algorithm will be used to decompose and approach the signal, the signal will be reconstructed via superimposing on each scale signal at last. The experiment of magnetostrictive guided wave detection of defects in pipe demonstrated that the filter algorithm we proposed is effective in defect detection and raising the signal to noise ratio. Keywords: ultrasonic guided waves, filter, complex Morlet wavelet time-frequency analysis, Gabor dictionary, matching pursuit 【132】相控陣超聲技術及鐵路輪軸自動化無損探傷系統技術研究 彭建平 西南交通大學 無損檢測研究中心 摘要：高速鐵路和重載鐵路代表了中國鐵路發展趨勢和方向，其在役輪軸的質量安全檢測將更為突出和重要。報告以相控陣超聲探傷技術為基礎，介紹輪軸相控陣超聲探傷方法與關鍵技術研究。在此基礎上，介紹了高速鐵路和重載鐵路在役輪軸的自動化無損檢測典型系統及其發展趨勢。 【132】The research of phased array ultrasonic technology and the automatic NDT system in the railway wheel-set 【133】CNDT＆E“云”檢測與評價技術研究 林俊明[1] （愛德森（廈門）電子有限公司，福建，廈門，361008） 摘  要：基于云計算技術和檢測集成技術的云檢測(CNDT)是一個全新的概念，它包容各種物理與化學的檢測方法，實現信息共享和遠程控制，也是無損檢測集成技術發展的趨勢。本文討論了無損檢測技術集成創新帶來的優越性，該技術目前的研究現狀，以及未來的發展方向，即云檢測。簡要闡述了無損云檢測與評價技術計劃方案，云檢測通過云計算和無損檢測集成技術的結合，將傳感器采集的數據收集于云端進行存儲、處理。云端的功能包括信號處理、存儲、評估、預測、信息反饋等一系列軟硬件共享資源。用戶能夠共享軟、硬件資源，享受云檢測帶來的便捷服務和高效率。本文以電力行業無損檢測為例，討論了無損檢測技術建立云檢測的可能性，優點和亟待解決的關鍵問題，并介紹了一種無損云檢測的雛形樣機，指出云檢測是未來無損檢測集成技術的發展方向。 關鍵詞：云檢測；無損檢測；集成創新；互聯網；物聯網 【133】Research of “ Cloud ” Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation Technique LIN Jun-Ming (Eddysun (Xiamen) Electronic Co. Ltd. , Xiamen 361008, China) Abstract: It is a completely new concept of Cloud Non-destructive Testing(CNDT) which is based on cloud computing and integrated inspection techniques, including different physical and chemical testing methods. CNDT not only realizes the information sharing and the remote control, it is also the development tendency of NDT integrated technology. This paper discusses the superiority brought by the innovation of NDT integrated technology, illustrates the present status of this technology and its future development - that is Cloud Non-destructive Testing，the cloud detection. This paper describes the Plan and Program of non-destructive cloud detection and evaluation technique briefly. Cloud detection combines the cloud calculation with NDT integrated technology. It collects the data on cloud client side, then save and process. The function of the cloud client side includes signal processing, saving, evaluation, prediction and information feedback. Users can share the software and hardware resources and enjoy the high efficiency and convenience with cloud detection. It also points out the possibility and the key problems of establishing the cloud technique, and draws a conclusion that the cloud technique is the development direction of NDT integrated technology. Keywords: Non-destructive testing (NDT), Cloud Non-destructive testing (CNDT), Integration innovation, Internet, Internet of things